2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Glutathione S-transferase

Glutathione S-transferase

Glutathione transferases; GSTs

Glutathione S-transferase

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Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a diverse group of phase II drug metabolizing enzymes whose shared function is the conjugation of glutathione (GSH) to various electrophilic endo- and xenobiotics. GSTs have been implicated in the conjugation of endogenously produced oxidized metabolites including propenal, 4-hydroxynonenals, organic hydroperoxides, phospholipids, and fatty acid peroxides.

On the basis of subcellular localization, the GST enzymes are grouped into three different classes namely, membrane-bound microsomal, mitochondrial and cytoplasmic. The leading and most diverse group of GSTs are the cytosolic enzyme spresent in humans. These are known as phase II detoxification enzymes that comprise of at least 8 classes of isoenzymes: alpha (A), kappa (K), mu (M), omega (O), pi (P), sigma (S), theta (T), and zeta (Z). In addition, four different classes of this superfamily, called beta (β), delta(δ), phi (Φ) and tau (τ) are also present in bacteria, insects and plants.

GSTs have emerged as a promising therapeutic target because specific isozymes are overexpressed in a wide variety of tumors and may play a role in the etiology of other diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, multiple sclerosis, and asthma.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-119646
    Aviglycine
    		Inhibitor
    Aviglycine (ABG-3168 free base) is an inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis with antibacterial activity. Aviglycine (ABG-3168 (free base)) application delays natural flowering in pineapple.
    Aviglycine
  • HY-132281
    16-Oxokahweol
    		Inducer
    16-Oxokahweol, a Kahweol (HY-N6258) derivative, is a glutathione S-transferase inducer.
    16-Oxokahweol
  • HY-W615446
    GSTO1-IN-3
    		Inhibitor
    GSTO1-IN-3 is a potent GSTO1-1 inhibitor with IC50 of 0.11 μM, and shows selectivity over GSTO2-2, GSTA1-1 and GSTP1-1 (IC50 > 100 μM). GSTO1-IN-3 enhances the cytotoxicity of Cisplatin (HY-17394) against human breast cancer cells. GSTO1-IN-3 inhibits IL-1β release in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM) cells. GSTO1-IN-3 attenuates inflammation in mice. GSTO1-IN-3 can be used for breast cancer and inflammation research.
    GSTO1-IN-3
  • HY-178372
    GSTO1-IN-4
    		Inhibitor
    GSTO1-IN-4 is a selective, potent GSTO1-1 inhibitor (IC50 = 0.04 μM; KI = 0.16 μM). GSTO1-IN-4 shows low inhibition to GSTO2-2, GSTA1-1 and GSTP1-1. GSTO1-IN-4 shows a capacity to attenuate inflammation in mice and to significantly enhance the cytotoxicity of Cisplatin (HY-17394). GSTO1-IN-4 can be used for the study of inflammation and breast cancer.
    GSTO1-IN-4
  • HY-B1640A
    Ethacrynic acid sodium
    Ethacrynic acid (Etacrynic acid sodium) sodium is a diuretic. Ethacrynic acid sodium is an inhibitor of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). Ethacrynic acid sodium is a potent inhibitor of NF-kB-signaling pathway, and also modulates leukotriene formation. Ethacrynic acid sodium also inhibits L-type voltage-dependent and store-operated calcium channel, leading to relaxation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. Ethacrynic acid sodium has anti-inflammatory properties that reduces the retinoid-induced ear edema in mice.
    Ethacrynic acid sodium
  • HY-12535
    Trichodesmine
    Trichodesmine is a dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloid. Trichodesmine can produces hepatotoxicty, pneumo- and neurotoxicity in vivo.
    Trichodesmine
  • HY-W100026S
    Galaxolide-d6 (mixture of diastereomers) (>80%)
    Galaxolide-d6 (mixture of diastereomers) (>80%) is the deuterium labeled Galaxolide (HY-W100026). Galaxolide can induce estrogenic activity (Estrogen Receptor/ERR), trigger oxidative stress and genotoxicity, and induce EROD and GST (Glutathione S-transferase) enzyme activity.
    Galaxolide-d<sub>6</sub> (mixture of diastereomers) (>80%)
  • HY-178261
    KT53
    		Inhibitor
    KT53 is a highly active, selective, and cell penetrable GSTO1 inhibitor. KT53 can effectively inhibit GSTO1 activity in MDA-MB-435 (IC50 = 35 nM) cells. KT53 significantly enhances the killing effect of cisplatin (HY-17394) on MDA-MB-435 cancer cells. KT53 can be used for cancer research.
    KT53
  • HY-175398
    OZO-Cl
    		Inhibitor
    OZO-Cl is an OZO derivative. OZO-Cl has anti-cancer activity. OZO-Cl significantly decreases the intracellular glutathion S-transferase Pi (GST) activity. OZO-Cl exhibits cytotoxicity to cancer cell lines, with IC50s of 150 and 120 μmol/L in Panc-1 and K562 cells respectively.
    OZO-Cl
  • HY-177695
    GSTO1-IN-5
    		Inhibitor
    GSTO1-IN-5 is a potent and selective glutathione S-transferase omega 1 (GSTO1) inhibitor with an IC50of 0.22 nM. GSTO1-IN-5 can be used for the researches of cancer and inflammation, such as colon cancer.
    GSTO1-IN-5
  • HY-W020788R
    Benoxacor (Standard)
    		Agonist
    Benoxacor (Standard) is the analytical standard of Benoxacor. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Benoxacor (CGA 154281) is a herbicide safener that can protect crops from the toxicity of herbicides. Benoxacor can enhance the activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) in corn, effectively inducing detoxification of herbicides in corn.
    Benoxacor (Standard)
  • HY-W009861R
    Aviglycine hydrochloride (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Aviglycine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Aviglycine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Aviglycine hydrochloride (ABG-3168) is an inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis. The use of Aviglycine hydrochloride (ABG-3168) delays the natural flowering of pineapples, reduces fruit drop, and maintains fruit firmness.
    Aviglycine hydrochloride (Standard)
  • HY-13634
    Ezatiostat hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor
    Ezatiostat hydrochloride (TER199; TLK199 hydrochloride) is a tripeptide analog of glutathione and is a selective and orally active glutathione S-transferase P1-1 (GSTP1) inhibitor. Ezatiostat hydrochloride leads to JNK activation by inhibiting GSTP1. Ezatiostat hydrochloride stimulates both lymphocyte production and bone marrow progenitor proliferation. Ezatiostat hydrochloride has the potential for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) treatment.
    Ezatiostat hydrochloride
  • HY-B1280R
    Nikethamide (Standard)
    		Activator
    Nikethamide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Nikethamide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Nikethamide, one of the respiratory central stimulants, has the potential for respiratory failure research.
    Nikethamide (Standard)
  • HY-W154265
    2,2′-Dihydroxychalcone
    		Inhibitor
    2,2′-Dihydroxychalcone, a flavonoid, is a glutathione S-transferase (GST) inhibitor with an IC50 of 28.9 μM in human colon cancer cells. 2,2′-Dihydroxychalcone induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. 2,2′-Dihydroxychalcone has anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties.
    2,2′-Dihydroxychalcone
  • HY-W013744
    S-Octylglutathione
    S-Octylglutathione is a competitive glutathione S-transferase (GST) inhibitor.
    S-Octylglutathione
  • HY-136371R
    Fluroxypyr-meptyl (Standard)
    		Activator
    Fluroxypyr-meptyl (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fluroxypyr-meptyl. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fluroxypyr-meptyl (Fluroxypyr-1-methylheptyl ester), a synthetical phytohormone, is used as herbicide agent.
    Fluroxypyr-meptyl (Standard)
  • HY-133199
    Benastatin A
    		Inhibitor
    Benastatin A is an inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase, which can be isolated from Streptomyces MI384-DF12.
    Benastatin A
  • HY-N12261
    Benastatin B
    		Inhibitor
    Benastatin B is an inhibitor for glutathione S-transferase, that inhibits human pi class GST with an IC50 of 1.10 μg/mL. Benastatin B exhibits board-spectrum antibacterial efficacy, inhibits MRSA with MIC 3.1 μg/mL. Benastatin B exhibits anti-inflammatory efficacy through inhibition of IgE mediated β-hexosaminidase release with an IC50 of 79 μg/mL.
    Benastatin B
  • HY-138164
    Cafestol palmitate
    		Activator
    Cafestol palmitate is an active constituent of green coffee beans. Cafestol palmitate can enhance glutathione S-transferase activity in the mouse. Cafestol palmitate also exhibits weak COX-2 inhibitory activity.
    Cafestol palmitate
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity